Robo-advisors emerged, with early versions including Betterment, \Wealthfront, Schwab, Vanguard and TradeKing.
The emergence of the first robo-advisors from companies such as Betterment, Wealthfront, Schwab, Vanguard and TradeKing added investment advisors and wealth managers to the list of jobs threatened by automation. Advances in software and artificial intelligence have enabled robo-advisors to perform many of the tasks done by financial industry professionals, enabling companies to deliver low-cost services to tech savvy Millennials and other customers.